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Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata

Fosberg (1964)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Rubiaceae Genus: Psychotria

kōpiko

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Small trees up to 8 m tall.

Stems: Young branches yellowish to grayish brown.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades obovate, oblanceolate, elliptic–oblong, or occasionally suborbicular, 2–12.6 cm long, 1.1–7.3 cm wide. Apex obtuse to rounded. Base acute to truncate or rounded. Surfaces glabrous or occasionally puberulent or hirtellous, particularly along veins, chartaceous, domatia usually absent. Margins entire. Lateral veins 5–11 pairs, tertiary veins often forming a conspicuous network. Petioles 0–0.5(–0.8) cm long. Stipules obovate or deltate–obovate, up to 6 mm long.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences with verticillate branching, branches up to 18 mm long, always shorter on the upper node, each branch usually terminated by a 3–flowered cymule, peduncles 0–2 cm long, lateral flowers of each cymule with small pedicels and the central one sessile. Flowers insect-pollinated, unisexual, 4–5-merous, usually heterostylous. Calyx 3–3.5 mm long, 4-6-lobed, hirsute, often densely so, with long, white hairs, truncate at apex or with acute lobes, tube usually shorter than hypanthium. Corolla white, 4-6-lobed, tube 2–3 mm long at anthesis, somewhat expanded toward apex, throat glabrous, the lobes usually thick and fleshy, spreading, ovate, 3–5 mm long, often hirsute at apex and along dorsal or outer surface; nectary disk present at apex of ovary. Stamens as many as and alternate with the corolla lobes; filaments of staminate flowers 1–2 mm long, inserted on the corolla tube or throat; anthers attached at the base, exserted at anthesis in functionally staminate flowers, elliptic–oblong or ovate–oblong, 0.7–1 mm long, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary inferior, occasionally partly so, or very rarely superior, 2–celled, placentation basal; ovules 1 per cell, erect, anatropous; 2–2.5 mm long at anthesis; style as many as carpels, 2–3 mm long, terminal, slender; stigmas 2, divaricate, lobed or capitate, 0.7–1.1 mm long, often hirsute or pubescent, dry or occasionally wet.

Fruit: Fruit ellipsoid–pyriform; 12–18 mm long; with persistent calyx; sometimes with the persistent and expanded disk protruding; pyrenes 1-2(-4); hemispherical in cross section; endocarp usually thick and hard. Seeds 1 per pyrene; usually conforming to the form of the pyrene; seed coat thin; invaginated on the ventral or inner face into a T-shape in cross section; endosperm otherwise not ruminate; carnose; the embryo small with flat; thin cotyledons; seeds with well-developed oily endosperm; or endosperm occasionally scanty or absent.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in mesic to occasionally dry forest; Wai'anae Mountains; O'ahu.

Elevation Range: 360–940 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Brittonia 16(3): 267–268 (1964)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1165 (O)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Waianae Range, Waianae Kai trail, loop trail (right side when seen from below) Common. Preserved_Specimen Imada, C. 99090612 Oahu BISH 1999-09-06
2 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata E Kanehoa, Waianae Mts., Honouliuli, side of ridge moist woods Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 14048 Oahu BISH 1934-01-07
3 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata North of head of Makua Valley In rain forest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 11525 Oahu BISH 1937-10-24
4 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kamaileunu Ridge, Waianae Mts. On the Makaha side of ridge, just north of a major peak north of Puu Kawiwi. in small gully in dry forest of Pisonia association. Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 1173 Oahu BISH 1973-07-22
5 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Schofield Trail to Kaala, Waianae Range Wooded Ridge Preserved_Specimen Hume, E.P. 565 Oahu BISH 1932-05-23
6 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata SW Kaala, base, fire break trail forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 11816 Oahu BISH 1937-12-19
7 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata North of head of Makua Valley In rainforest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 11525 Oahu BISH 1937-10-24
8 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Peacock Flats Planchonella Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 137 Oahu BISH 1984-08-01
9 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Major gulch system just north of major peak north of Puu Kawiwi. Makaha side of Kamaileunu Ridge, Waianae Mts Near crest of E ridge of side gulch w/ Pisonia-Aleurites association. Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 1177 Oahu BISH 1973-08-07
10 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata N Kaluaa drainage, ridge Metrosideros, Syzygium, Clidemia Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 2755 Oahu BISH 1986-08-16
11 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata North of head of Makua Valley In rainforest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 11525 Oahu BISH 1937-10-24
12 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kawaihapai, SE of Nike station forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27981 Oahu BISH 1962-05-06
13 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kaluaa Gulch between puu Kanehoa and puu and along ridge to Puu Kanehoa (same as 10829 and 10830) near ridge top Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10834 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
14 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Waianae Mts., ridge east of Central Makaleha VAlley Rather dry. grassy ridge with Dodonaea, Bidens, and Diospyros. Preserved_Specimen Ozaki, E.T. 1519 Oahu BISH 1956-04-15
15 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Waianae kai Along right ridge. Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 148 Oahu BISH 1989-10-08
16 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata North of head of Makua Valley In rainforest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 11525 Oahu BISH 1937-10-24
17 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Waianae Range Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20653 Oahu BISH 1950-05-07
18 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Palikea Trail, Waianae Mts Preserved_Specimen Crosby, M.R. 1920 Oahu BISH 1964-07-31
19 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kaluaa Gulch between Puu Kanehoa and Puu and along ridge to Puu Kanehoa Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10830 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
20 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Palehua/Palikea Trail Preserved_Specimen Linney, G.K. 200 Oahu BISH 1982-03-11
21 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kaluaa Gulch between Puu Kanehoa and Puu and along ridge to Puu Kanehoa Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10830 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
22 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kaluaa Gulch between Puu Kanehoa and Puu and along ridge to Puu Kanehoa Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10846 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
23 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kaluaa Gulch between Puu Kanehoa and Puu and along ridge to Puu Kanehoa Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10829 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
24 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Palehua, Waianae Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 345 Oahu BISH 1922-08-25
25 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Palikea trail; along summit of Southern Waianaes and area near old C.C.C. camp Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6446 Oahu BISH 1970-05-29
26 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Palehua, Waianae Mts Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1685 Oahu BISH 1911-04-01
27 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kaluaa Gulch between Puu Kanehoa and Puu and along ridge to Puu Kanehoa Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10848 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
28 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Waianae Mts., Kaluaa Gulch between Puu Kanehoa and Puu Hapapa and along ridge to Puu Hapapa Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10848 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
29 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kaluaa Gulch between Puu Kanehoa and Puu and along ridge to Puu Kanehoa Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10829 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
30 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Waianae Range, Waianae Kai trail, loop trail, ridge between powerline towers and pinnacle rock Preserved_Specimen Imada, C. 99090637 Oahu BISH 1999-09-06
31 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Waianae Mts.; Kunia Trail, just E of Puu Kanehoa Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 3246 Oahu BISH 1960-03-26
32 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kukuiala Valley Preserved_Specimen Swezey, O.H. Oahu BISH 1934-10-09
33 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Makaha Valley, Waianae Mts Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1909-02-12
34 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Makaha Valley, Waianae Mts Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1909-02-12
35 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Makaha W Preserved_Specimen Russ, G.W. Oahu BISH 1931-11-01
36 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Makaha Valley Preserved_Specimen Pearsall, G.A. Oahu BISH 1954-10-21
37 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kukuiala Valley - between Mokuleia-Kawaihapai Preserved_Specimen Swezey, O.H. Oahu BISH 1933-09-15
38 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Makaha Valley, Waianae Mts woods, by stream Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 11607 Oahu BISH 1932-04-03
39 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kaluaa Gulch between Puu Kanehoa and Puu and along ridge to Puu Kanehoa Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10830 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
40 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Waianae Mts., Kaluaa Gulch between Puu Kanehoa and Puu Hapapa and along ridge to Puu Hapapa Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10834 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
41 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Pahole Natural Area Reserve, from crest of Pahole Gulch ridge adjacent to Kahanahaiki Valley. Windswept, low-statured ohia lowland mesic forest with lama, olopua, and alahee. Nearby rare species include Diellia falcata and Melicope sandwicensis. WNW aspect. Preserved_Specimen Takahama, T.K. Oahu BISH 2016-05-10
42 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Major gulch system just north of major peak north of Puu Kawiwi. Makaha side of Kamaileunu Ridge, waianae Mts Near crest of E ridge of side gulch w/ Pisonia-Aleurites association. Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 1177 Oahu BISH 1973-08-07
43 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Peacock Flats Planchonella Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 137 Oahu BISH 1984-08-01
44 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Waianae Mts., Kaluaa Gulch between Puu Kanehoa and Puu Hapapa and along ridge to Puu Hapapa Growing on lower ridge Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10830 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
45 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Kaluaa Gulch, Waianae Mts. Central Gulch system On slope of small gully, w/Antidesma, Pouteria & Eugenia sandwicensis. Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 1160 Oahu BISH 1973-06-24
46 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Waianae Mts., Kaluaa Gulch between Puu Knaehoa and Puu Hapapa and along ride to Puu Hapapa, On lower ridge Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 10829 Oahu BISH 1975-12-07
47 Psychotria hathewayi var. brevipetiolata Puu Kapu Wet Forest Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. 1559 Oahu BISH 1931-02-12
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